Question 1
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Key Idea
Polymers turn small repeating units into materials with large-scale flexibility and strength.
Carbon compounds and their reactions.
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Polymers turn small repeating units into materials with large-scale flexibility and strength.
What is made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms?
Hydrocarbons can link into long chains or rings, and the way those carbon atoms connect and bond is what makes gasoline, plastics, and even candle wax behave so differently.
What creates bond polarity in a covalent bond, which can strongly affect solubility and boiling point?
Bond polarity comes from electronegativity differences, and a larger dipole moment usually boosts boiling point via stronger intermolecular attractions like dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding.
Molecules with the same functional group often react in similar ways, even when the rest of the structure is very different.
Functional groups set the main reaction pattern, while the rest of the molecule tunes speed and selectivity, like electron-withdrawing groups making a carbonyl much more electrophilic.
What uses the CIP priority rules to label chiral centers as $R$ or $S$ in a consistent way?
CIP ranking follows atomic number (with tie-breaks down the chain and special handling for multiple bonds), and $R/S$ configuration is independent of whether a compound rotates light as $(+)$ or $(-)$.
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